All about uterine fibroids

Each fibroid is thought to arise from a single cell that grows into a mass. Also that both estrogen and progesterone hormones (products of the ovaries) promote the growth of fibroids.

Some fibroids will remain stable in size for many years, while others will appear suddenly and grow quite rapidly. Whether or not treatment is needed depends on the size, location, and rate of growth of the fibroids.

The symptoms are caused by the size of the fibroids (heaviness or pressure in the pelvis) or by pressure on surrounding organs, such as the bladder or large intestine. 

Very rarely, about 1 in 10.000 cases, a fibroid can develop into a sarcoma or a very aggressive cancer. Many fibroids do not cause any symptoms and are simply detected during the course of routine annual exams and Pap tests.

Others will cause heavy and prolonged periods. In other situations, the size and position of the fibroids can cause pain during intercourse, increased menstrual cramps, or decreased bladder capacity.

Which patients are most likely to suffer from uterine fibroids?

Fibroids are more frequent in women between 30 and 40 years old, however, they can occur at any age. African-American women have prominent cases of fibroids in contrast to other women. The exact cause of fibroids is unknown, but it is speculated that hormones and genetics play a role in their development.

What symptoms do uterine fibroids cause?

There are many cases in which fibroids do not cause symptoms and are diagnosed during a routine gynecological exam. In other cases, the following symptoms may occur:

• Pain during menstruation. 
• Vaginal bleeding in the middle of the menstrual cycle (when it does not touch the period).
• Long, frequent and intense periods.
• Anemia
• Pain during sex.
• Severe pain in the abdomen or lower back.
• Abdominal swelling.
• Frequent urination
• Constipation.
• Hemorrhoids.

He Dr. Francisco Montes de Oca, medical director of Ginefem explains everything about uterine fibroids.